有着鲜明在地性的103.42.112高防服务器公共性记忆

社会如何记忆？经典的社会学研究往往会“把纪念仪式和身体实践作为至关重要的传授内容，网游高防服务器加以突出”，尽管研究者已经意识到“这些绝不是社群记忆的唯一构成成分”，“因为非正式口述史的生产，103.42.112.14既是我们在日常生活中描述人类行为的基本活动，也是全部社会记忆的一个特征。”如果我们对社会记忆的认识，能在察觉到这样的差异之后，进一步去厘清作为社会记忆主体的个人或者社群，究竟是记忆的接受者还是生成者，那么，我们就能据此将社会记忆的类型分为被动与主动所造成的有明显差异的两种类型了。

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与纪念仪式和身体实践通过仪式性的被动操演来强化过去的记忆知识不同，东哈莱姆的墙画在性质上和非正式口述史属于同样的类型，也是通过对自我经历主动叙事（只不过是视觉符号的叙事），将当地人的日常体验浓缩在一幅幅墙画中，不仅在内容上和邻里生活紧密地结合在一起，而且其所建构与解析过往的模式，根植于沉积长久的东哈莱姆的“地方性知识”，带有迥异于其他社区的态度和价值观。这是一种有着鲜明在地性的公共性记忆，而当地人则是这种记忆不可替换的自发生产者和自觉维护者。这在底层民众绘制的大量“安息画”里就能得到充分的证明。

自传体记忆（Autobiographical Memory）是人类记忆的基本形式，是指“对日常生活中自发产生的与自我经验相关联的信息的贮存和提取过程”。之所以我们认为东哈莱姆墙画对应的社会记忆属于自传体记忆，是因为它们几乎全面地体现了自传体记忆的模型：“（1）记忆通过参照点进行组织；（2）参照点记忆通过复述得以维持较高度的清晰，同时与其他记忆有多重连结；（3）成为参照点记忆的事件可以通过个人意向、团体一致性的形式或社会条件而具体化；（4）其他的非参照点自传体记忆通过参照点在时间上定位化。”

103.42.112.22 103.42.112.64 103.42.112.106 103.42.112.148 103.42.112.190 103.42.112.232
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